Profound Japanese artist and co-founder of the eminent 'Gutai group', Shozo Shimamoto (1928-2013) explored arts during a radical time of change in Japan after WWII. In challenging the notion of freedom, Shimamoto's expression of art was through its process rather than the final result. The 'bottle crash' technique, the act of dashing bottles full of colour onto canvas was developed by Shimamoto where he exhibited a performance between action and colour.